Std rates gay vs straight
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By addressing these social determinants of health, we can help to improve health outcomes for LGBTQ+ individuals and reduce the disparities in STD rates.
In conclusion, addressing the impact of stigma and discrimination on STD testing and treatment for LGBTQ+ populations is crucial for improving health outcomes in this community. doi:10.1056/NEJM199204163261606
27.
The Risk for Males of Contracting Various STDs through One-Time Unprotected Homosexual Sex
References
1. AIDS Lond Engl. The test-adjusted IRR for rectal chlamydia was 1.26 while the rates for oral and genital were 1.19 and 1.14, and lost statistical significance. Accessed October 10, 2019.
23. Soper D.
Trichomoniasis: under control or undercontrolled? doi:10.1136/sti.59.4.217
24. Kelley CF, Rosenberg ES, O'Hara BM, Sanchez T, del Rio C, Sullivan PS. Prevalence of Urethral Trichomonas vaginalis in Black and White Men Who Have Sex With Men. Sex Transm Dis. 2012;39(9):739. This implies an unadjusted annual incidence rate of 35 per 100 person-years before PrEP and 81 per 100 afterwards (as other studies have shown, this does not mean that all participants had an 81% chance of acquiring an STI while on PrEP: some may have had no STIs and others may have had repeated episodes.)
This means that the frequency of STI diagnoses (the Incidence Rate Ratio or IRR) was 2.15 times greater after PrEP than before, both for all STIs and for each individual STI.
More news from Denmark
However, people took three times as many STI tests after starting PrEP than before: in total, 7936 before PrEP but 23,654 after it.
In terms of individual STIs people took 2.6 times more tests for gonorrhoea and chlamydia after PrEP than before, but 4.4 times more tests for syphilis; this appears to reflect the test for syphilis, which is an antibody test done on blood, becoming as routine as the swab tests done for the other two diseases, whereas it was only done half the time before PrEP.
When the IRR of post- compared to pre-PrEP STI diagnoses was adjusted to take account of greater test frequency, the IRR for all STIs fell from 2.15 to 1.35, or in other words from more than doubling to a 35% increase.
doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(14)70994-6
Danish study finds that STI rates in gay men increase before they start PrEP, not after
A Danish study which was able to chart the annual incidence of the three bacterial STIs, chlamydia, gonorrhoea and syphilis, in people attending sexual health clinics both before and after they started PrEP has found that they had more than twice as many (115% more) STI diagnoses while on PrEP than they had some time before starting it.
However it also found that much of this increase in diagnoses was due to increased testing.
Among the populations most at risk for STDs are LGBTQ+ individuals, who face unique challenges when it comes to accessing testing and treatment. 2018;(304):1-8.
12. Sex Transm Dis. 1997;24(4):185-200. doi:10.1128/CMR.00006-11
30. Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.
Garnett GP, Aral SO, Hoyle DV, Cates W, Anderson RM. The natural history of syphilis. Transmission can occur by direct contact with a syphilis sore during vaginal, anal, or oral sex. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.